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Volume-V

, Issue-I

(WINTER 2020)

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01 - Estimation of Consumption Function for Developing Economies: China, Turkey, Viet

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).01
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).01      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    This study analyses the determinants of consumption function for four countries: China and Turkey as Upper Middle-Income Economies (UMIE); Bangladesh and Vietnam as Lower Middle-Income Economies (LMIE). It used a model based on the ARDL technique to analyze the time series data for the period of 1985- 2018. The results reveal that wealth and labor income have a similar impact on consumption in UMI... Details

    Consumption, Wealth, Income, Interest

    (1) Saima Liaqat
    Research Scholar, Department of Economics,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
    (2) Marguerite Wotto
    Associate Professor,Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM), Canada.
    (3) Khalid Khan
    Associate Professor,Department of Economics,University of Agriculture, Water and MarineSciences, Uthal, Balochistan.
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02 - Performance of Agriculture Sector in Foreign Trade of Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).02
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).02      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    The vigorous and dynamic expansion and technical progression of the agriculture productivity pave the way to considerable achievements in providing raw materials to the industrial sector and fulfilling domestic demand. The agriculture sector has an imperative role in poverty reduction, growth, increased employment opportunities and increasing foreign exchange reserves through exportable agricultur... Details

    Agriculture Sector, Foreign Trade, ARDL Approach.

    (1) Gulzar Ali
    Assistant Professor,Department of Economics,Uni of Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Ghulam Mustafa
    Assistant Professor,Department of Economics and Business Administration,University of Education, Lower Mall, Road Campus, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Said Zamin Shah
    Assistant Professor,Department of Economics,Uni of Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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03 - Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth: A Time-Series Study on Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).03
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).03      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    In Socio-Economic development, the role of energy is very crucial, and often its consumption indicates the level of economic development and is considered as a vital ingredient of sustainable economic growth. Electricity as a key input variable plays a supreme role in the process of industrialization (IND), Economic growth (GDP) as well as technological progress (TEC) of a country. By utilizing ti... Details

    Economic Growth, Electricity Usage, Industrialization.

    (1) Raza Muhammad khan
    Teaching Asistant, Department of Economics,Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Sohail Farooq
    Assistant Professor,Department of Economics,Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Akram Gilal
    Associate Professor,Department of Economics,University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
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04 - Combating Corruption through Institutional Reforms to Strengthen Economy and Gov

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).04
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).04      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    This article presents a case study of Pakistan with a special focus on the institutional reforms of the newly elected government brought within a short period of time. The study identifies and evaluates only the major reforms in several ministries and departments. The data of this case study is evaluated with the content analysis approach. Findings reveal that a record number of reforms have been ... Details

    Accountability, Corruption, Developing countries, Pakistan, Reforms, Transparency

    (1) Muhammad Mussa Khan
    Research Scholar,School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China.
    (2) Riaz Ahmad
    Assistant Professor,School of Public Policy and Administration,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Beilin City, China.
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05 - Womens Education and Empowerment in Islamabad, Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).05
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).05      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    The present research study was conducted in two public sector universities in Islamabad, Pakistan to explore the relationship between womens education and empowerment. In this research we have looked at the five major dimensions of the womens empowerment in conjunction with education i.e. (1) freedom of movement, (2) economic activism, familial and social affairs (3) freedom from domination and su... Details

    Education, Gender, Islamabad, University Graduates, University Teachers, Women's Empowerment, Pakistan

    (1) Sarfraz Khan
    Assistant Professor,Department of Sociology,Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Syed Imran Haider
    Assistant Professor,Department of Sociology,Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Saadia
    M.Phil Scholar,Department of Development Studies,Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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06 - Impact of Capital Inflows on Domestic Investment: Evidence from Panel Data

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).06
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).06      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    Investment significance in any country cannot be ignored for its direct and indirect influences on the growth rate of the economy. Foreign capital inflows are one of the major determinants of domestic private investment. Hence, this study analyzes the effect of two kinds of foreign capital inflows, i.e. inward foreign direct investment and inward foreign remittances on domestic investment covering... Details

    Capital Inflows, Domestic Investment, Foreign Direct Investment

    (1) Mansoor Mushtaq
    Lecturer,Department FAST School of Management,FAST School of Management, National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
    (2) Sania Shaheen
    PhD Scholar, International Institute of Islamic Economics (IIIE),International Islamic University, IIUI, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Irfan Hussain Khan
    PhD Scholar,Economics Department,Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
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07 - Credit Risk and Profitability of Commercial Banks in Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).07
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).07      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    Credit risk in the credit portfolio of financial institutions has dented their profitability. This study examines the relationship between credit risk and profitability of commercial banks in Pakistan. For this purpose three performance measuresROA, ROE, and NIM are used by the study. To test the relationship and impact over the period 2006-2015 the study involved 28 commercial banks. During the p... Details

    Economic Growth, Corruption

    (1) Sohail Farooq
    Assistant Professor,Department of Economics,Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Raza Muhammad Khan
    Teaching Assistant,Department of Economics,Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Akram Gilal
    Associate Professor,Department of Economics,University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
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08 - Effects of Organizational Characteristics on QUAL Prevalence and its Implementat

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).08
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).08      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    An organizational characteristic plays a vital role in ensuring QUAL prevalence in any institution. The investigation is conducted to comprehend the association among the concepts. The secondary data was used for analysis, and data was gathered from different websites. There are thirty business schools in Punjab and the information of these institutions is gathered from their official websites. Th... Details

    Organizational Characteristics, Type of Organization, size of the Organization, Tuition fees, and QUAL Prevalence.

    (1) Mudassar Mushtaq
    PhD Scholar, Department of Business Administration,National College Of Business Administration & Economics, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Ayesha Ch
    Assistant Professor,Department of Sociology,Govt. College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Sajida Parveen
    Lecturer,Department of Sociology,Govt. College Women University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
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09 - Emerging Markets and Volatility Spillover Effects: Empirical Evidence from Regio

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).09
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).09      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    Emerging markets and volatility spillover effects remained a highly focused area in the field of financial economics. Therefore, we have empirically testified the volatility spillover effects between markets of emerging economies i.e Pakistan, China, Bangladesh, and India during the period from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2015. We used Multivariate GARCH and causality models to identify the ... Details

    Emerging Markets. Volatility Spillover Effects, Multivariate GARCH Models

    (1) Kashif Hamid
    Lecturer, Institute of Business Management Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Mudasar Ghafoor
    Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, University of the Punjab, Jhelum Campus, Jhelum, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Yasir Saeed
    Ph.D Scholar, Department of Management Sciences, Preston University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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10 - A Quantitative Analysis of Microfinance to Eradicate Poverty

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).10
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).10      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    Microfinance is considered an important financial instrument to generate income. The study has focused to ascertain the effect of microfinance on poverty eradication. For this purpose, the random sampling method has been adopted and primary data from 368 respondents has been collected from the two main districts of Sindh, Pakistan. Two different statistical tools have been used to analyze the data... Details

    Microfinance, Business Development, Revenue, Employment, Socioeconomic Development

    (1) Sikander Hussain Soomro
    Professor, Department of Economics, Khairpur University, Sind, Pakistan.
    (2) Parveen Shah
    Professor, Department of Economics, Khairpur University, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Saleem Rahpoto
    Professor, Department of Economics, Khairpur University, Sindh, Pakistan.
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11 - Decision between Public Investment and Public Consumption: A Policy Analysis

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).11
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).11      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    This study aims to draw a policy decision between public investment and public consumption by designing a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model for the economy of Pakistan which is experiencing persistent shocks that have stressed the growth pattern. The DSGE model has a microeconomic foundation and justifies locus critics by envisioning an artificial economy. The model is evaluated ... Details

    Fiscal Policy, Analysis, Public Investment, Consumption, DSGE model.

    (1) Muhammad Raashid
    PhD Scholar, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Abdul Saboor
    Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan
    (3) Aneela Afzal
    Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
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12 - Inflation, Globalization and Interest Rate Nexus to Curb Price volatility: An Em

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).12
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).12      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    The aim of the present study is to investigate the long run impact of monetary policy and globalization on inflation in the selected South and South East Asian countries. The study measures the impact of monetary policy variables on inflation, ignoring random shocks as these are considered fewer fractions for the inconsistency of the policy instruments. Two exclusive dimensions, defacto and dejure... Details

    Globalization, Inflation, Monetary Policy, Output Gap

    (1) Arshi Shahid
    PhD Scholar, Department of Economics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Hafiz Khalil Ahmad
    Professor, Department of Economics, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Saima Liaqat
    Lecturer, Department of Economics, Lahore College for women university, Jhang Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
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13 - The Concept of Symmetry and Asymmetry in Federalism with a brief sketch of Econo

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).13
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).13      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    Asymmetrical federalism is an important concept in the constitutions of Belgium, Canada, Germany and India. This concept has recently given way to a much more sustained intellectual inquiry of philosophical, theoretical, and empirical foundations. It incorporates two different connotations; to some it signifies a positive instrument designed to strengthen the federal values while to others, it car... Details

    Symmetry, Asymmetry, Federalism, Centrifugal, Centripetal, Economics

    (1) Muhammad Tariq
    School Teacher, Elementary & Secondary Education Department District Mardan, KP, Pakistan
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14 - Our Current Misunderstanding of COVID-19 and the Valid Approach to Research: Sho

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).14
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).14      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    The study addresses issues related to the current epidemiological models being used to address the COVID-19 pandemic, and suggests the “curve” is a nebulous fairy tale. Furthermore, I argue that these models are based on invalid data and flawed assumptions. For example, epidemiologists are using a number of positive cases, identified in systematic data collection manners (e.g., primari... Details

    COVID-19, World Economy, Re-opening, Infection Rates, Random Sample Testing

    (1) Robert C Sinclair
    Professor/Consultant, Sinclair & Associates Consulting, 1614 Jane Street, North Bay, Canada. (bob.sinclair76@gmail.com)
    (2) Rajeev Kumar
    Master of Technology and Computer Science, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Faizabad, India.
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15 - Epilepsy Care in Traditional and Professional Health Care Economy

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).15
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).15      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    Epilepsy is regarded as a superstitious phenomenon in various cultures of the world. Because of these superstitious convictions, the infected families try other methods to cure epilepsy rather than medical treatment. The study was conducted in Rawalpindi from November 2018 to February 2019. The survey method was used to gather indepth data from 40 patients with epilepsy. Data were analyzed by usin... Details

    Health Economics, Anthropological Economics, Stigma, Treatment

    (1) Saba Sattar
    MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry
    Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
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16 - Correlates and Constraints of Effective Agricultural Loan Repayment in Cameroon

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).16
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).16      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    This study has been carried out with the objective of examining the factors influencing effective agricultural loan repayment in MFIs and constraints associated with agricultural loan acquisition in West region, Cameroon. From primary surveyed data, a probit model was used to analyze the result. We observed that farm production, training, size of farmland; male household head, married head, intere... Details

    Correlates, Constraints, Effective Agricultural Loan, Repayment, Cameroon

    (1) Mbu Daniel Tambi
    Department of Agricultural Economics; University of Dschang, Cameroon.
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17 - Relationship of Total Quality Management with Knowledge Management and Organizat

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).17
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).17      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    The study is an empirical exploration into TQM practices in Pakistani higher education with a focus on determining relationship between the variables: Knowledge Management (KM) and Organizational Culture (OC) in the context of higher education in Pakistan. It employed a quantitative paradigm to the investigation with correlational design. All the university teachers comprised the population of thi... Details

    Knowledge Management, Organizational Culture, TQM, Higher Education

    (1) Muhammad Adnan Maqbool
    PhD Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Mahr Muhammad Saeed Akhtar
    Chairperson, Department of Educational Research and Evaluation, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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18 - Socio-Economic Correlates of Children's Nutritional Status: Evidence from Pakist

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).18
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).18      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    Nutrition status is an important indicator of child health. This study estimates the effect of socioeconomic determinants on children's nutritional status of under five years of age. We apply the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) in our empirical analysis as a proxy measure to denote the malnutrition measurement index, and a binary logistic regression model using PDHS dataset for 20... Details

    Binary Logistic Model, CIAF, Pakistan Demographic, and Health Survey, Wealth Index

    (1) Muhammad Shahid
    Health Economist, Department of Health Economics, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Inam Ullah Leghari
    Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Farooq Ahmed
    Nutritional Anthropologist, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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19 - Mediating Role of Social Capital and Firm Value Creation in Relationship Among M

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).19
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).19      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of Microfinance Services and Networking relationship on Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Performance with the mediating role of Social capital. This study was a descriptive survey design. The target population was 584,572 MSMEs in the province, and owner-managers of MSMEs were the unit of analysis and were targeted for information because th... Details

    Social Capital, Value Creation, Microcredit, MSME

    (1) Nida Habib
    PhD Scholar, Department of Business Administration, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Zahid Awan
    Director, Department of Business Administration, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan.
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20 - Comparison with Classification Algorithms in Data Mining of a Fuel Automation Sy

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).20
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).20      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    This article deals with Otobil and pumps sales estimates at fuel stations. The fuel station data used in the study consists of 2384 data in total. Depending upon these data, classification procedures were performed on fuel station sales data using classification algorithms. In the study the classification algorithms that J48, Random Forest, KStar, Logistic Regression, IBk and Naive Bayes algorithm... Details

    Fuel Station, Accuracy, Classification Algorithms, Sales Data

    (1) Ilhan Tarimer
    Department of Information Systems Engineering, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mentese / Mugla, Turkey
    (2) Buse Cennet Karadag
    Department of Information Systems Engineering, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mentese / Mugla, Turkey.
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21 - Testing Liquidity Augmented Fama-French Five-Factor Model in Pakistan Stock Exch

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).21
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).21      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    This study examines the empirical evaluation of the six-factor asset pricing model that augments the Fama-French (2015) five-factor asset pricing model with liquidity factor. Using data from July 2010 to June 2017 of non-financial firms listed on PSX, a 2x3 sort approach is used to construct six left-hand side portfolios, and a 2x2 approach is used to construct right-hand side factors namely, SMB,... Details

    PSX, LHS Portfolios, RHS Factors, Liquidity.

    (1) Kanwal Haqqani
    Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Management Sciences, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Aleem
    Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Management Sciences, Qurtaba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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22 - Mediating Impact of Financial Statements Window Dressings in Public Listed Compa

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).22
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).22      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    This research examined the effects of corporate governance variables (foreign ownership, managerial ownership) on earnings multiples (FFP), and also the ability to earn management to mediate the relationship between corporate governance variables and earnings multiples. In this study, foreign ownership and managerial ownership are independent variables, earnings multiples (developed through PCA me... Details

    Foreign Ownership, Managerial Ownership, Earnings Multiples

    (1) Muhammad Anees Khan
    Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Aftab Haider
    Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Nida Aman
    Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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23 - Determinants of Gross Saving: Evidence from Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).23
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).23      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    The present research examined those factors that affect gross savings in the developing economy of Pakistan. Data from the period of 11 years from 2010 to 2020 was gathered from secondary sources. The study found that the inflation rate has a negative and significant relation with gross savings. It is also found that the interest rate has a negative and significant relation with gross savings. We ... Details

    Gross Savings, Inflation, Interest, Openness to Economy, Pakistan

    (1) Hira Pervez
    MS Scholar, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Rashid Khan
    Lecturer, IBMS, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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24 - The Impact of Emotional Stability, Transformational Leadership and Innovative Be

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).24
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).24      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    This paper aims to investigate the impact of emotional stability, transformational leadership, and innovative behavior on career success through self-efficacy from food manufacturing firms in Karachi, Pakistan. By following the quantitative approach, a structured questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale was non-randomly disseminated to 304 employees working in food manufacturing industries... Details

    Emotional Stability; Transformational Leadership; Innovative Behavior; Career Success and Self-Efficacy

    (1) Syeda Wajiha Kazmi
    Assistant Manager, Department of Research and Communication, IQRA University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (2) Anjum Bano Kazimi
    Professor, Department of Education, IQRA University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (3) Ghulam Ali Kerio
    Assistant Professor, Department of Teachers' Education, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan.
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25 - An Analysis of the Employee Behavior on Sales in L'Oreal: A Case Study of Pakist

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).25
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).25      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    This research is carried out to investigate the most important traits of employee behavior. A quantitative approach was employed for this study. Data were collected from 120 participants using an online questionnaire. These participants are active users of Facebook who are residents of Pakistan and currently working on L'Oreal Pakistan, who are at a different position in L'Oreal Pakistan. Statisti... Details

    Pakistan, Employee, Research, L'Oreal

    (1) Zargham Ullah Khan
    Assistant Professor, Hailey College of Banking and Finance, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Ujala Siddiq
    Lecturer, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Jaffar Mehmood Butt
    M.Phil Scholar, University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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26 - The Role of Managerial Ability in Firm Investment Opportunities and Performance

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).26
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).26      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    The current study focused on investigating the influence of management ability on the investment opportunity and firm performance. The managerial ability has a strategic impact on firm performance and value. Secondary data was employed. The study takes 369 non-financial firms as a population of the study and 196 firms as sample size selected randomly. The data was collected from 2008 to 2017. The ... Details

    Managerial Ability, Investment Opportunity, Firm Performance, NonFinancial, OLS, Fixed Effect.

    (1) Kamran Nawaz
    PhD Scholar, Department of Management Sciences, Iqra National University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Farzand Ali Jan
    Professor/Vice Chancellor, Department of Management Sciences, Iqra National University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Syed Kashif Shah
    MS Scholar, Department of Management Sciences, Behria University Islamabad, Pakistan.
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27 - Factor Enhancing Quality of Life

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).27
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).27      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    An attempt is made in this study to analyze the factors affecting the Quality of Life (QoL). It is difficult to measure the Quality of Life (QoL); hence Human Development Index (HDI) was used as the measure for QoL. Different factors such as standard of living, education, GDP, Gross Capital formations, Urbanizations and Physicians were examined that how these programs, in turn, influenced QoL. Dat... Details

    Quality of Life, HDI, GDP, Gross Capital Formations, World Bank

    (1) Mujib Ur Rahman
    Demonstrator, Department of Economics, Abdul Wali khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Asad
    Lecturer, Department of Management Sciences and Commerce, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Wisal Ahmad
    Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
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28 - Deliberation of Fraud Triangle Theory: A Comparison among Public and Private Com

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).28
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).28      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    The research has been conducted to apply the most fundamental concept of fraud triangle theory, introduced by Donald Cressey's in 1950-53, to private and public commercial banks of Sindh, Pakistan. According to this theory, Donald Cressey identified that when three-component/factor i-e pressure, opportunity, and rationalization, comes into an individual's life, he is very likely to commit fraud. E... Details

    Fraud Triangle Theory, Public and Private Commercial Banks, Sindh, Pakistan

    (1) Vivek Anand
    Assistant Professor, Isra University Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Qasim Nizamani
    Assistant Professor, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (3) Farheen Qasim Nizamani
    Assistant Professor, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
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29 - Status of International Labour Standards in Brick Kiln Industry of Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).29
10.31703/ger.2020(V-I).29      Published : Mar 2020

Abstract

    This research article attempts to investigate "State of Implementation of International Labour Organization (ILO) Labour Standards in Brick Kiln Industry of Pakistan". Based on qualitative methods, this research/investigation has tried to understand different processes and mechanisms through which the government of Pakistan is fulfilling its international obligation i.e., provision of Core Labour ... Details

    International Labour Organization, Labour Rights, Brick Kin Industry, Labour Laws

    (1) Bisharat Ali Lanjwani
    Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (2) Fehmida Aslam
    Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (3) Anwar ul Mustafa Shah
    Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
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