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Volume-IX

, Issue-II

(SPRING 2024)

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01 - Economic and Environmental Implications of BRI for China

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).01
10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).01      Published : Jun 2024

Abstract

    This research aims to elucidate the economic and environmental implications of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) for China. President Xi Jinping announced the BRI in 2013 to connect China with Eurasia, South Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. China has established financial institutions to support this mammoth project. It has economic benefits for China regarding its overproduction problem, findi... Details

    Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), China, Economic Implications

    (1) Aswad Liaqat
    Undergraduate, Department of International Relations, Government Collage University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Qasim Shahzad Gill
    PhD from Johnson Shoyama Graduate School of Public Policy, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
    (3) Muhammad Arslan
    PhD Scholar, Department of International Relations, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
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02 - International Trade and Environmental Degradation: A Developing World Perspectiv

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).02
10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).02      Published : Jun 2024

Abstract

    We investigate the multifaceted links between sectoral imports and exports, financial growth, energy consumption, GDP, and their ability to affect pollution emissions across 113 developing countries from 1990 to 2020. Using a large dataset, we used both fixed and random effects models to explore the various processes underlying this relationship. A major finding highlights the significant effect t... Details

    Trade, Imports, Economic Growth, Pollution, Developing Countries

    (1) Syeda Bano
    Graduate scholar, Department of Economics, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Arslan Tariq Rana
    Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Mohammad Irfan Ali
    Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan.
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03 - International Monetary Fund (IMF) and Its Impact on the Economy of Pakistan: An

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).03
10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).03      Published : Jun 2024

Abstract

    This research paper investigates the profound influence of the International Monetary Fund on the economy of Pakistan from 2013 to 2022. Pakistan has been engaged with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) since 1958. Over this period, Pakistan has entered multiple agreements with the IMF, shaping its economic policies significantly. This study employs a comprehensive analysis of IMF programs and ... Details

    International Monetary Fund (IMF), Austerity Measures, Free Trade, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Foreign direct investment (FDI)

    (1) Ehsan Ali
    Graduate, Department of International Relations, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Saeed Khan
    Undergraduate, Department of International Relations, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Awais Khalid
    Undergraduate, Department of International Relations, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
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04 - Impact of Climate Change on Rural Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).04
10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).04      Published : Jun 2024

Abstract

    Climate change is a huge global issue. However, the severity of negative impacts is higher in the rural areas of developing countries like Pakistan. Thus, this research is carried out with the aim of assessing the impact of climate change on rural areas of Pakistan. The current study will establish a comprehensive assessment of present conditions and future projections with the help of secondary d... Details

    Climate Change, Rural Pakistan, Resources, Econimic Impact, Social Impact

    (1) Muhammad Umar Zaryab Sadiq
    MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University (PMAS AAUR), Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry
    Associate Professor & Chairman, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University (PMAS AAUR), Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
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05 - Pak Central Asia's Southern Trade Routes: Critical Comparison of New Central Asi

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).05
10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).05      Published : Jun 2024

Abstract

    The twentieth century is discernable by global events including wars and technological changes focused by the mutual desires of powerful countries as the colonial rule was over and world moved away from closed markets which led to a more connected global economy. In order to remove barriers of trade countries worked hard as a result many regions benefited. Conversely, Asia remained slightly quaran... Details

    Indo-Pak Rivalry, Regional Instability, Geopolitical Concerns, Climate Change, TAP Pipeline Crisis, Religious Threat, Italianization, Export Routes, Economic Cooperation

    (1) Madiha Wajid Ali
    Ph.D. Scholar, Gujrat Centre for Media and Communication Studies, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Zahid Yousaf
    Professor & Dean, Centre for Media and Communication Studies, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
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06 - Digital Transformation and Work Stress Impact on Employee Engagement in the Priv

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).06
10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).06      Published : Jun 2024

Abstract

    Digital transformation has been a significant topic of discussion in Pakistan's banking industry. High levels of stress in the workplace might be caused by the introduction of various uncertainties due to technological advancements. Work-related stress can directly impact employees' engagement in their work, jeopardizing the organization's effectiveness. The study took place in a private bank in I... Details

    Stress Impact, Employee Engagement, Private Banking

    (1) Safi Ullah
    MS Scholar, Institute of Business & Management Sciences (IBMS), The University of Agriculture Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Saira Azeem
    Associate Professor, Alamzeb Shaheed Government Girls Commerce College, Dalazak Road, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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07 - Do Trade and Foreign Direct Investment Contribute to Environmental Degradation i

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).07
10.31703/ger.2024(IX-II).07      Published : Jun 2024

Abstract

    This study aimed to examine the impact of trade and Foreign Direct Investment on environmental degradation in Pakistan. This study used annual time series data over the period of 1990 to 2022. Based on the nature of the data, ADF and PP tests are employed to test the stationarity of the data. Tests reported a mixed order of stationarity for different variables of the study. Therefore, the literatu... Details

    Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, Environmental Degradation and Pakistan

    (1) Sania Roshan
    Undergraduate, Department of Economics, Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Fazale Wahid
    Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Asma Saeed
    M.Phil Scholar, Department of Economics, Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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