(35 Views)

1-Hira Pervez: MS Scholar, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
2-Rashid Khan: Lecturer, IBMS, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.

The present research examined those factors that affect gross savings in the developing economy of Pakistan. Data from the period of 11 years from 2010 to 2020 was gathered from secondary sources. The study found that the inflation rate has a negative and significant relation with gross savings. It is also found that the interest rate has a negative and significant relation with gross savings. We also found that openness to the economy has a positive and significant relation with gross savings. Implications, discussion and future directions are also highlighted.

    (107 Views)

1-Muhammad Anees Khan: Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
2-Aftab Haider: Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
3-Nida Aman: Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.

This research examined the effects of corporate governance variables (foreign ownership, managerial ownership) on earnings multiples (FFP), and also the ability to earn management to mediate the relationship between corporate governance variables and earnings multiples. In this study, foreign ownership and managerial ownership are independent variables, earnings multiples (developed through PCA method from ROA, ROE and share price) is dependent variable and earnings management is mediating variable. All the relationship between dependent, independent and mediating variables are postulate on renowned agency theory. We estimate the dependent variable, i.e. earnings multiples (developed through PCA method from ROA, ROE and share price) while earning management is measured through modified Jones model, while rest of the data for CG variables are collected from the annual reports of the companies included in the sample. While financial data of earnings multiples and earning, management extracted from DataStream for the corresponding periods.

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1-Nazim Rahim: Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science & IR, Qurtuba University of Science & IT, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
2-Assad Mehmmod Khan: PhD. Scholar, Department of Political Science & IR, Qurtuba University of Science & IT, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
3-Muhammad Muzaffar: Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Government College Women University Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.

China is keenly observing the dynamics of world politics and to meet the challenges of the existing world, China is focusing on economic development and industrialization. China is also trying to facilitate other states to overcome their economic problems by providing them with foreign direct investment, loans, development projects, technical assistance, infrastructure building etc. By doing this, it is pursuing the goal of regional integration and connectivity. Almost more than sixty-five countries are going to be linked with this unique project. Specifically, CPEC has the potential to bind tightly the most important regions of the world such as East Asia, South Asia, Central Asia, Middle East, and Eurasia. In this regard, China is facing some serious problems and challenges created by the status quo powers. This research paper highlights the importance of regional integration and the step towards this objective in the shape of CPEC.

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1-Ilhamah Qiamy: Department of Economics,University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
2-Fahim Nawaz: Department of Economics,University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
3-Syed Umair Jalal: MPhil Scholar,Department of Political Science,University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.

Presently, Brexit and its implications for the United Kingdom (UK), European Union and rest of the world, are regarded as major concerns across the globe. The present study is an attempt to estimate the shock that the UKs economy will likely receive as a consequence of Brexit. It also seeks to find an answer to the question whether costs incurred as a consequence of Brexit are repairable or otherwise for the UK. By applying a vector autoregressive (VAR) model on annual time series data of four important economic variables, i.e. gross domestic product (GDP), imports, exports and foreign direct investment, ranging from 1970-2016, an interdependence relation was found to hold among variables. The result concludes that through Brexit, the UKs economy will face some fluctuations which wont last any longer than 12 to 15 years. In return, it will grant UK sovereignty in the different vital segments of the country like economic policies and political decisions.

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1-Saima Gul: Lecturer,Department of International Relations, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
2-Saima Umer: †Student of Master’s Program, Department of International Relations,University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
3-Muhammad Shoaib Malik: Assistant Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies,National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan.

China is an emerging superpower expanding its influence all over the world. But Chinas rise is a peaceful one and will be beneficial for the countries that are being involved in the process of development through the BRI. This project is a comprehensive portrait of the complex interdependence between China and the developing economies. China is getting the opportunities to expand its market and to secure its integrity beyond its borders. Emerging China is offering a chance to the developing economies to recover and further promote their economies. The BRI can be a debt quagmire or a ridge rope for the concerned states, depending upon the perception and use of it. Unfortunately, the growing influence of China is troubling the current hegemonic positions. This papers intention is to analyze the reality of the debt trap diplomacy, whether it actually is a trap or is being negatively propagated to contain Chinas rapidly growing power.

    (2663 Views)

1-Muhammad Zia-ur Rehman: Assistant Professor, National Defense University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
2-Atiqa Shahbaz: Research Scholar, National Defense University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
3-Noor Hassan: PhD Fellow,Department of Management Sciences,Yeungnam University, North Gyeongsang, South Korea.

The study examines the impact of authentic leader’s personality on employee voice behavior through a quantitative study. The results, from a sample of 200 subordinate–supervisor dyads from a healthcare organization in Pakistan, provide evidence of a positive relationship for leader authentic personality with direct reports’ ratings of the leaders’ authentic leadership. In addition, authentic leadership was found to influence subordinates’ voice behavior, as rated by subordinates’ immediate supervisors; notably, this relationship was partially mediated by the subordinates’ perceptions of OBSE. Furthermore, leader authentic personality was indirectly related to subordinates’ voice behaviour through the mediating influence of authentic leadership and, in turn, subordinates’ perceptions of Organization-based selfesteem. The findings of this study will make management understand the linkage of an authentic leader’s personality and employee voice behavior.