References

• Adam, E. E., & Swamidass, P. M. (1989). Assessing Operations Management from a Strategic Perspective. Journal of Management, 15(2), 181-203.
• Aharoni, Y. (1994). How small firms can achieve competitive advantages in an interdependent world. Small firms in global competition, 9-18. JOUR, Oxford University Press New York, NY.
• Avella, L., Vazquez-Bustelo, D., & Fernandez, E. (2011). Cumulative manufacturing capabilities: An extended model and new empirical evidence. International Journal of Production Research, 49(3), 707-729.
• Badri, M. A., Davis, D., & Davis, D. (2000). Operations strategy, environmental uncertainty and performance: a path analytic model of industries in developing countries. Omega, 28(2), 155-173. Retrieved from
• Beckman, S. S. L., & Rosenfield, D. D. B. D. (2008). Operations strategy: competing in the 21st century. BOOK, McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
• Bolwijn, P. T., & Kumpe, T. (1990). Manufacturing in the 1990s-productivity, flexibility and innovation. Long range planning, 23(4), 44-57.
• Boon-itt, S. (2009). The Cumulative Model of Competitive Capabilities. POMS 20th Annual Conference. Orlando, Florida U.S.A. May 1 to May 4, 2009.
• Boyer, K. K., & Lewis, M. W. (2002). Competitive priorities: investigating the need for trade‐offs in operations strategy. Production and operations management, 11(1), 9-20.
• Buffa, E. S. (1980). Research in operations management. Journal of Operations Management, 1(1), 1-7
• Buzzell, R. D., & Gale, B. T. (1987). The PIMS Principles The Free Press. New York, NY. JOUR.
• Chang, S.-C., Yang, C.-L., Cheng, H.-C., & Sheu, C. (2003). Manufacturing flexibility and business strategy: An empirical study of small and medium sized firms. International Journal of Production Economics, 83(1), 13-26. Retrieved from
• Crosby, P. B., & Free, Q. I. (1979). The art of making quality certain. New York: New American Library, 17.
• Day, G. S., & Wensley, R. (1988). Assessing advantage: a framework for diagnosing competitive superiority. The Journal of Marketing, 1-20.
• Dobni, C. B. (2008). Measuring innovation culture in organizations: The development of a generalized innovation culture construct using exploratory factor analysis. European Journal of Innovation Management, 11(4), 539-559.
• Dougherty, D. (1992). A practice‐centered model of organizational renewal through product innovation. Strategic Management Journal, 13(S1), 77- 92. JOUR, Wiley Online Library. Retrieved December 28, 2017, from
• Fawcett, S. E., Calantone, R., & Smith, S. R. (1997). Delivery capability and firm performance in international operations. International Journal of Production Economics, 51(3), 191-204.
• Ferdows, K., & De Meyer, A. (1990). Lasting improvements in manufacturing performance: in search of a new theory. Journal of Operations Management, 9(2), 168-184.
• Fitzsimmons, J., & Fitzsimmons, M. (1994). Service management for competitive advantage. New York: McGraw-Hill. BOOK, McGraw-Hill New York, NY.
• Flynn, B. B., Sakakibara, S., & Schroeder, R. G. (1995). Relationship between JIT and TQM: practices and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1325-1360. JOUR, Academy of Management.
• Gaimon, C., & Singhal, V. (1992). Flexibility and the choice of manufacturing facilities under short product life cycles. European Journal of Operational Research, 60(2), 211-223.
• Garvin, D. (1987). Competing on the eight dimensions of quality. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved December 30, 2017, from
• Garvin, D. A. (1988). Managing Quality New York. GEN, Free Press.
• Gaskill, L. R., Van Auken, H. E., & Kim, H.-S. (1994). Impact of operational planning on small business retail performance. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 51(1), 21-36
• Gerwin, D. (1993). Manufacturing flexibility: a strategic perspective. Management Science, 39(4), 395-410. JOUR, INFORMS.
• Gupta, Y. P., & Somers, T. M. (1996). Business strategy, manufacturing flexibility, and organizational performance relationships: a path analysis approach. Production and Operations Management, 5(3), 204-233. JOUR, Wiley Online Library.
• Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). JOUR, Pearson new international.
• Hall, R. (1983). Zero inventories. BOOK, Irwin Professional Pub.
• Hayes, R. H., & Pisano, G. P. (1996). Manufacturing strategy: at the intersection of two paradigm shifts. Production and operations management, 5(1), 25-41. JOUR, Wiley Online Library. Retrieved from
• Juran, J. M. (1989). Juran on leadership. GEN, Free Press, New York, NY.
• Karlsson, C., & Olsson, O. (1998). Product innovation in small and large enterprises. Small Business Economics, 10(1), 31-46.
• Kathuria, R. (2000). Competitive priorities and managerial performance: A taxonomy of small manufacturers. Journal of Operations Management, 18(6), 627-641.
• Khalique, M., Hasan, A., Md, I., Jamal, A., & Sharri, N. (2011). Challenges for Pakistani SMEs in a Knowledge-Based Economy. Indus Journal of Management & Social Sciences, 5(2), 74-80.
• Khan, M. W. J., & Khalique, M. (2014). A Holistic Review of Empirical Studies of Strategic Planning and Future Research Avenues. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 3(6), 53-72. Retrieved from
• Koufteros, X. A., Vonderembse, M. A., & Doll, W. J. (2002). Examining the competitive capabilities of manufacturing firms. Structural equation modeling, 9(2), 256-282.
• Kraus, S., Reiche, B. S., & Reschke, C. H. (2007). The role of strategic planning in SMEs: Literature review and implications. Annual Meeting of the British Academy of Management, Oxford, UK. September, 13-15.
• Lee, K. S., Lim, G. H., & Tan, S. J. (1999). Dealing with resource disadvantage: Generic strategies for SMEs. Small Business Economics, 12(4), 299- 311.
• Ling X. Li, L. (2000). Manufacturing capability development in a changing business environment. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 100(6), 261-270.
• Maggina, A. G. (1992). SMEs in Greece: Toward 1992 and beyond. Journal of Small Business Management, 30(3), 87. JOUR, International Council for Small Business.
• Milgrom, P., & Roberts, J. (1990). The economics of modern manufacturing: Technology, strategy, and organization. The American Economic Review, 511-528.
• Miller, D. (1988). Relating Porter's business strategies to environment and structure: Analysis and performance implications. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2), 280-308.
• Mulhern, A. (1995). The SME sector in Europe: A broad perspective. Journal of Small Business Management, 33(3), 83. JOUR, International Council for Small Business.
• Noble, M. A. (1995). Manufacturing Strategy: Testing the Cumulative Model in a Multiple Country Context. Decision Sciences, 26(5), 693-721.
• Noble, M. A. (1997). Manufacturing competitive priorities and productivity: an empirical study. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 17(1), 85-99. Retrieved from
• Norris, W. W. C. (1979). Rebirth of technological innovation via small business. BOOK, Control Data Corporation. Retrieved December 28, 2017, from
• Pagell, M., & Krause, D. R. (1999). A multiple-method study of environmental uncertainty and manufacturing flexibility. Journal of Operations Management, 17(3), 307-325.
• Pakistan Economic Survey. (2017). . Retrieved January 22, 2018, from
• Porter, M. (1980). Corporate strategy. New York. New York, NY. JOUR
• Robinson, R. B., & Pearce, J. A. (1984). Research Thrusts in Small Firm Strategic Planning. Academy of Management Review, 9(1), 128-137. Retrieved from
• Safizadeh, M. H., Ritzman, L. P., Sharma, D., & Wood, C. (1996). An empirical analysis of the product-process matrix. Management Science, 42(11), 1576-1591.
• Schmenner, R. W., & Swink, M. L. (1998). On theory in operations management. Journal of Operations Management, 17(1), 97-113.
• Schroeder, R. G., Anderson, J. C., & Cleveland, G. (1986). The Content of Manufacturing An Empirical Study Strategy : 405-415.
• Sekaran, U. (2003). eBook Collection.
• Skinner, W. (1969). Manufacturing-missing link in corporate strategy. Harvard Business Review, 47(3), 136-145. Retrieved from
• Skinner, W. (1974). The Focused Factory. Harvard Business Review, 52(May), 113-121.
• Skinner, W. (1985). Manufacturing, the Formidable Competitive Weapon: The Formidable Competitive Weapon. BOOK, John Wiley & Sons Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2017, from
• Slack, N. (1994). The Importance‐Performance Matrix as a Determinant of Improvement Priority. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 14(5), 59-75. Retrieved from
• Slack, N., Chambers, S., & Johnston, R. (2010). Operations management. BOOK, Pearson education.
• Sluti, D. G. (1992). Linking process quality with performance: an empirical study of New Zealand manufacturing plants. DISS, ResearchSpace@ Auckland.
• Stonebraker, P. P. W., & Leong, G. K. (1994). Operations strategy: focusing on competitive excellence. BOOK, Allyn and Bacon.
• Suarez, F. F., Cusumano, M. A., & Fine, C. H. (1996). An empirical study of manufacturing flexibility in printed circuit board assembly. Operations research, 44(1), 223-240.
• Sum, C., Shih‐Ju Kow, L., & Chen, C. (2004). A taxonomy of operations strategies of high performing small and medium enterprises in Singapore. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 24(3), 321-345. JOUR, Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Retrieved from
• Swamidass, P. M., & Newell, W. T. (1987). Manufacturing Strategy, Environmental Uncertainty and Performance: A Path Analytic Model. Management Science, 33(4), 509-524. Retrieved from
• Tannous, G. F. (1996). Capital budgeting for volume flexible equipment. Decision Sciences, 27(2), 157-184
• Tracey, M., Vonderembse, M. A., & Lim, J.-S. (1999). Manufacturing technology and strategy formulation: keys to enhancing competitiveness and improving performance. Journal of operations management, 17(4), 411-428.
• Upton, D. (1995). What really makes factories flexible? Harvard business review, 73(4), 74-84.
• Vickery, S. K., Droge, C., & Markland, R. E. (1993). Production competence and business strategy: do they affect business performance? Decision Sciences, 24(2), 435-456.
• Ward, P., Bickford, D., & Leong, G. (1996). Configuration of Manufacturing Strategy, Business Strategy, Environment and Structure. Journal of Management, 22(4), 597-626.
• Ward, P. T., & Duray, R. (2000). Manufacturing strategy in context: environment, competitive strategy and manufacturing strategy. Journal of Operations Management, 18, 123-38.
• Ward, P. T., Leong, G. K., & Boyer, K. K. (1994). Manufacturing proactiveness and performance. Decision Sciences, 25(3), 337-358. JOUR, Wiley Online Library. Retrieved December 28, 2017, from
• Ward, P. T., McCreery, J. K., Ritzman, L. P., & Sharma, D. (1998). Competitive Priorities in Operations Management. Decision Sciences, 29(4), 1035- 1046. Retrieved from
• Wheelwright, S. C. (1984). Manufacturing strategy defining the missing link, Strategic Management Journal, 77-91.(Fp), Inic.
• White, G. P. (1996). A meta-analysis model of manufacturing capabilities. Journal of Operations Management, 14(4), 315-331.
• Whybark, D. C., & Vastag, G. (1993). Global manufacturing practices: A worldwide survey of practices in production planning and control. BOOK, Elsevier Science Ltd
• Wiklund, J., & Shepherd, D. (2005). Entrepreneurial orientation and small business performance: a configurational approach. Journal of business venturing, 20(1), 71-91.
• Williams, F. P., D'Souza, D. E., Rosenfeldt, M. E., & Kassaee, M. (1995). Manufacturing strategy, business strategy and firm performance in a mature industry. Journal of Operations Management, 13(1), 19-33.
• Wood, C. (1991). Operations strategy: decision patterns and measurement. DISS, The Ohio State University. Retrieved from
• Wood, R., Gilbreath, G., Rutherford, M., & O'Boyle, E. (2014). Competitive Operations Priorities and Firm Performance in Small Community Banks : A Test of Trade-offs. The Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 19(4), 82-106.
• Zhang, Q., Vonderembse, M. A., & Lim, J.-S. (2003). Manufacturing flexibility: defining and analyzing relationships among competence, capability, and customer satisfaction. Journal of Operations Management, 21(2), 173- 191.